CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVED ONSITE DOMESTIC WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19183219

Keywords:

Wastewater, Domestic Wastewater, Domestic Wastewater Management, Urbanisation, Theories, Conceptual Framework

Abstract

Urbanisation in Nigeria has led to the emergence of unplanned neighbourhoods because the capacity of urban planning institutions to control urban growth in most cities has been outstripped. This has made the provisions of basic services challenging which have resulted into poor domestic wastewater management and severe pollution. While several studies have been carried out on domestic wastewater management system in developing countries, gap exists on a context specific framework to an improved domestic wastewater management in developing countries. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to suggest a framework which will serve as a guide to attaining an improved onsite domestic wastewater management in developing countries. An extensive review was carried out on various approaches to improved domestic wastewater management. Considering the aim of the study, a conceptual framework for improved domestic wastewater management was suggested.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

  • Abdul-Azeez, M. B., University of Abuja

    Department of Urban and Regional Planning

  • Akinbami, B. S., University of Abuja

    Department of Urban and Regional Planning

  • Isola-Muyideen, O. L., University of Abuja

    Department of Urban and Regional Planning

References

Abdul-Azeez B.M., Hisham M. R., Olowoporoku O., Akinbami, B S., and Isola-Muyideen, O.L (2025). Assessment of Factors Influencing Domestic Waste Water Management in Suleja, Nigeria, African Scholar Publications and Research International, vol. 08 (4), pp. 230-258

Abdulazeez, B.F., Akinbami, B.S., Abdul-Azeez B. M. Omrin. O.J (2025). Assessment of factors influencing off and on campus housing satisfaction in Kwara State University, Malete, Journal of Environmental Spectrum. Vol. V (2) 2025

Abiodun, O. I., Jantan, A., Omolara, A. E., Dada, K. V., Mohamed, N. A., and Arshad, H. (2018). State-of-the-art in artificial neural network applications: A survey. Heliyon, 4(11), e00938.

Abraham, C., and Denford, S. (2020). Design, implementation, and evaluation of behavior change interventions: A ten-task guide. The handbook of behavior change, 269-84.

Adam Baumgart-Getz, Linda Stalker Prokopy, Kristin Floress. (2012).Why farmers adopt best management practice in the United States: A meta-analysis of the adoption literature, Journal of Environmental Management, Volume 96, Issue 1, Pages 17-25, ISSN 0301-4797

Adeniran, A. I., and Aristide, D. K. (2020). ICT and food security in Africa. London: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Adesogan, S. (2013). Sewage Technology in Nigeria: A Pragmatic Approach, Science Journal of Environmental Engineering Res Nabegu, A. baba, 2014. Domestic Wastewater Management In Peri-Urban Settlements Of Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. (June 2014). earch, 10(7) 257-266

Akpabio, E. M. (2012). Water Meanings, Sanitation Practices and Hygiene Behaviours in the Cultural Mirror: A Perspective from Nigeria. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development. Vol. 2. No. 3, pp. 168‐181.

Aliyu, A. A., and Ahmadu, L. (2017). Urbanisation, cities and Health: A challenge to Nigeria. Annal of African Madicine 16 (4) , 149.

Allmendinger, P. (2009). Critical reflections on spatial planning. Environment and Planning A, 41(11), 2544-2549.

Alumona, I. M., and Onwuanabile, K. M. (2019). Environmental insecurity in Nigeria. In Internal Security Management in Nigeria (pp. 181-213). Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore

Aman Randhawa, Ashwani Kumar (2017). Exploring sustainability of smart development initiatives in India, International Journal of Sustainable Built 177 Environment, Volume 6, Issue 2,2017,Pages 701-710,ISSN2212-6090,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2017.08.002. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212609017300742)

Amoatey, P., and Bani, R. (2011). Wastewater management. INTECH Open Access Publisher.

Babanyara, Y. Y., Usman, H. A., and Saleh, U. F. (2010). An overview of urban poverty and environmental problems in Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology 31(2), 135-143

Bantin, A.B. and Jun, X., 2017. Assessment of Environmental risks related to the release of industrial and domestic toxic waste in the aquatic environment of chad. , pp.22–25.

Baye, D. (2021). Sustainable development goals (SDG) target 6.2 in Ethiopia: challenges and opportunities. Open Access Library Journal, 8(5), 1-28.

Benard O, Omondi G (2012) Wastewater production, treatment and use in Kenya. In: Third regional workshop‘safe use of wastewater in agriculture, Johannesburg.

Bischoff-Mattson, Z., Maree, G., Vogel, C., Lynch, A., Olivier, D., and Terblanche, D. (2020). Shape of a water crisis: Practitioner perspectives on urban water scarcity and ‗Day Zero‘in South Africa. Water Policy, 22(2), 193-210.

Corcoran, E., C. Nellemann, E. Baker, R. Bos, D. Osborn, H. Savelli (eds). 2010. Sick Water? The central role of wastewater management in sustainable development. A Rapid Response Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme, UN-HABITAT, GRID-Arendal. www.grida.no

Ferrer-Martí, L., Garwood, A., Chiroque, J., Ramirez, B., Marcelo, O., Garfí, M., and Velo, E. (2012). Evaluating and comparing three community small-scale wind electrification projects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(7), 5379-5390.

Garfí, M., Ferrer-Martí, L., Velo, E., and Ferrer, I. (2012). Evaluating benefits of low-cost household digesters for rural Andean communities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(1), 575-581.

Giwa. A. (2014). Sustainable Wastewater Treatment- The way to go.

Gleick, P. H. (1996). Basic Water requirements for Human activities: Meeting basic needs. Water International 21 (2), 83-92.

Güneralp, B., Lwasa, S., Masundire, H., Parnell, S., and Seto, K. C. (2017). Urbanization in Africa: challenges and opportunities for conservation. Environmental research letters, 13(1), 015002.

Hutton, G., Haller, L., and Bartram, J. (2007). Global cost benefit analysis of water supply and sanitation intervention. Journal of water and health 5 (4), 481-502.

Ikpe, A. E., Ndon, A. I. E., and Etim, P. J. (2020). Assessment of the waste management system and its implication in Benin City metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Research on Industrial Engineering, 7(1), 79-91.

Inyinbor, A. A., Bello, O. S., Oluyori, A. P., Inyinbor, H. E., and Fadiji, A. E. (2019). Wastewater conservation and reuse in quality vegetable cultivation: Overview, challenges and future prospects. Food Control, 98, 489-500

Jefferson, B., Laine, A.L., Judd, S.J., Stephenson, T., 2000. Membrane bioreactors and their role in wastewater reuse. Water Sci. Technol. 41, 197-204

Jica Report (1996) The Study of Water Pollution Control in Upper Manyame River Basin in the Republic of Zimbabwe. MLGRUD, Nippon Jogeduido Sekkei Co. Ltd., Nippon Koei Co. Ltd, September 1996

Kaoje, A., Yahaya, M., Raji, M. O., Hadiza, S. M., Sylvanus, A., and Musa, T. (2019). Drinking water quality, sanitation and hygiene practices in a rural community 195 of Sokoto State, Nigeria. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 7(11), 1.

Kelova, M. E., Eich-Greatorex, S., and Krogstad, T. (2021). Human excreta as a resource in agriculture–Evaluating the fertilizer potential of different composting and fermentation-derived products. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 175, 105748.

Kennedy-Walker, R., Evans, B., Amezaga, J., and Paterson, C. (2014). Challenges for the future of urban sanitation planning: critical analysis of John Kalbermatten's influence. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(1), 1-14.

Kennedy-Walker, R., Evans, B., Amezaga, J., and Paterson, C. (2014). Challenges for the future of urban sanitation planning: critical analysis of John Kalbermatten's influence. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 4(1), 1-14.

Kerstens, S. M., Spiller, M., Leusbrock, I., and Zeeman, G. (2016). A new approach to nationwide sanitation planning for developing countries: case study of Indonesia. Science of the Total Environment, 550, 676-689.

Khajvand, M., Mostafazadeh, A. K., Drogui, P., and Tyagi, R. D. (2022). Management of greywater: environmental impact, treatment, resource recovery, water recycling, and decentralization. Water Science and Technology.

Kivaisi, A. K. (2001). The potential for constructed wetland for wastewater treatment and reuse in developing countries: a review. Ecological Engineering 16 (4), 545-560.

Kuddus, M. A., Tynan, E., and McBryde, E. (2020). Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor?. Public health reviews, 41(1), 1-4.

Kujawa-Roeleveld, K., Elmitwalli, T., and Zeeman, G. (2006). Enhanced primary treatment of concentrated black water and kitchen residues within DESAR concept using two types of anaerobic digesters. Water Science and Technology, 53(9), 159-168.

Klein Gomes, (2009). Book on Wastewater Management. ISBN: 978·93·80179·04-9

Kumwenda, S., Msefula, C., Kadewa, W., Ngwira, B., Morse, T., and Ensink, J. H. (2016). Knowlwdge, attitudes and practice on use of Fossa Alternas and double Vault urine diverting dry latrine in Malawi. Journal of water, sanitation and hygiene for development 6 (4), 555-568.

Laramee, J., and Davis, J. (2013). Economic and environmental impacts of domestic bio-digesters: Evidence from Arusha, Tanzania. Energy for Sustainable Development, 17(3), 296-304.

LeBlanc, R.J., Richard, R.P. and Beecher, N., 2009. A Review of “Global Atlas of Excreta, Wastewater Sludge, and Biosolids Management: Moving Forward the Sustainable and Welcome Uses of a Global Resource,”

Mang, H. P., Cheng, S., Li, Z., and Huba, E. M. (2013). A review of prefabricated biogas digesters in China. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 28, 738-748.

María C. Villarín, Sylvain Merel (2020). Paradigm shifts and current challenges in wastewater management, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390,2020,122139,ISSN 0304-3894,https://doi.org/10.1016/j .jhazmat. 2020. 122139. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389420301278)

Mattar, L., Abiad, M. G., Chalak, A., Diab, M., and Hassan, H. (2018). Attitudes and behaviors shaping household food waste generation: Lessons from Lebanon. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 1219-1223.

Mensah, J. (2020). Theory-anchored conceptual framework for managing environmental sanitation in developing countries: Literature review. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 2(1), 100028.

Misra, A. K. (2011). impacts of urbanisation on the hydrology of Ganga Basin (India). Water Resource management 25 (2), 705-719.

Mustapha, H. B. (2013). Management of Industrial Effluents: A Review of the Experiences in Kano, Northern Nigeria, International Journal of Advanced Research 1 (4), 213216.

Ndlovu, Everson, and Ednah Bhala. ―Menstrual hygiene - A salient hazard in rural schools: A case of Masvingo district of Zimbabwe.‖ Jamba (Potchefstroom, South Africa) vol. 8,2 204. 13 Jan. 2016, doi:10.4102/jamba.v8i2.204

Nhapi, I. (2009). The water situation in Harare, Zimbabwe: a policy and management problem. Water Policy, 11(2), 221-235.

Nhapi, I., and Tirivarombo, S. (2004). Sewage discharges and nutrient level in Marimba River, Zimbabwe. Water 30 (1), 107-113.

Nhapi, I., and Tirivarombo, S. (2004). Sewage discharges and nutrient level in Marimba River, Zimbabwe. Water 30 (1), 107-113.

Nhapi, I., Gijzen, H. J., and Siebel, M. A. (2003). A conceptual framework for the sustainable management of wastewater in Harare, Zimbabwe. Water Science and Technology, 47(7-8), 11-18.

Nhapi, I., Siebel, M. A., and Gijzen, H. J. (2006). A Proposal for Managing wastewater in Harare, Zimbabwe. Water and Environment Journal 20 (2), 101-108.

Odurukwe, N. S. (2012). Wastewater Non-Management in Aba City, Nigeria, Federal University of Technology Owerri Newsletter, Imo State, Nigeria.

Ojo, A., and Ojewale, O. (2019). Urbanisation and crime in Nigeria. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

Omosa, I.B., Wang, H., Chewng, S. and Li, F. (2012). Sustainable Tertiary Wastewater Treatment Is Required for Water Resources Pollution Control in Africa, Environmental Science and Technology, 46 (10), 7065-7066

Ousmane, L. M, Hassidou., Salamatou A,I. and Saoudé T.I (2015). Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Management Practices in the Communal District I of Maradi City, Niger Republic. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2015, 3, 57-65 Published Online October 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2015.38006

Ousmane, L. M, Hassidou., Salamatou A,I. and Saoudé T.I (2015). Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Management Practices in the Communal District I of Maradi City, Niger Republic. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2015, 3, 57-65 Published Online October 2015 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/gep http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2015.38006

Parra‐Cardona, R., Beverly, H. K., and López‐Zerón, G. (2020). Community‐based participatory research (CBPR) for underserved populations. The handbook of systemic family therapy, 1, 491-511.

Peal, A. J., Evans, B. E., and van der Voorden, C. (2010). Hygiene and sanitation software: an overview of approaches.

Sotelo, S., Khoury, C. K., Amariles, D., Soto, J. S., Diaz, M. V., Sosa, C. C., ... and Jarvis, A. (2019). Comprehensiveness of conservation of useful wild plants: An operational indicator for biodiversity and sustainable development targets. Ecological Indicators, 98, 420-429.

Tevapitak, K., and Helmsing, A. B. (2019). The interaction between local governments and stakeholders in environmental management: The case of water pollution by SMEs in Thailand. Journal of environmental management, 247, 840-848.

Tigabu, A. D., Nicholson, C. F., Collick, A. S., and Steenhuis, T. S. (2013). Determinants of household participation in the management of rural water supply systems: A case from Ethiopia. Water Policy, 15(6), 985-1000.

Tilley .E, Lüthi .C, A. Morel, C. Zurbrügg, and R. Schertenleib,(2014) ―Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies. 2nd Revised Edition.,‖ Swiss Fed. Inst. Aquat. Sci. Technol., p. 180

Tim P. Barnett (2008). Human-Induced Changes in the Hydrology of the Western United States. Science 22 Feb 2008:Vol. 319, Issue 5866, pp. 1080-1083 DOI: 10.1126/science.1152538

UN HABITAT. (2016). UN-Habitat conference scheduled for 2016

Vandana, U. K., Singha, B., Gulzar, A. B. M., and Mazumder, P. B. (2020). Molecular mechanisms in plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) to resist environmental stress in plants. In Molecular aspects of plant beneficial microbes in agriculture (pp. 221-233). Academic Press.

Wagstaff, A. (2002). Poverty and health sector inequalities. Bulletin of World health organisation, 97-105.

Wang, S., Ji, C., He, H., Zhang, Z., and Zhang, L. (2021). Tourists‘ waste reduction behavioral intentions at tourist destinations: An integrative research framework. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 25, 540-550.

WHO 2010. Urban planning, environment and health: from evidence to policy action. World health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, p.119. Available at: http://www. euro.who.int /data/assets/pdf_ file/0004/114448 /E93987. pdf.

Wilderer, P.A., Schreff, D., 2000. Decentralized and centralized wastewater management: a challenge for technology developers. Water Science and Technology 41 (1), 1–8.

UNISEF, 2015. Background Policy Study on Wastewater Management and Sanitation inUrban Climate, 2, pp.1–15. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2012.10.008.

Zhang, S., Hu, D., Lin, T., Li, W., Zhao, R., Yang, H.and Jiang, L. (2021). Determinants affecting residents‘ waste classification intention and behavior: 217 A study based on TPB and ABC methodology. Journal of Environmental Management, 290, 112591.

McMichael, A.J. et al., 2003. Climate change and human health RISKS AND RESPONSES. World Health Organisation pp. 100337 Availablhttp://www.who.int/globalcange/environment/en/cc

Cotton, W. R. and R. A. Pielke, Sr. (2006). Human Impacts on Weather and Climate (2nd edition). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,

Owei, O. B., Obinna, V. C., and Ede, P. N. (2010, September). The Challenges of Sustainable Land Use Planning in Nigerian Cities. The Case of Port Harcourt. In Proceedings of the ISOCARP Congress, Nairobi, Kenya (pp. 19-23).

World Bank, 2011. Water Supply and Sanitation in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Musa, J.J., 2012. Environmental Appraisal of Drainage System in Minna, Niger State-Nigeria Musa,. International Journal of Applied Biological Research 2012, 4, pp.85–93.

Tsinda, A., Abbott, P., Pedley, S., Charles, K., Adogo, J., Okurut, K., and Chenoweth, J. (2013). Challenges to achieving sustainable sanitation in informal settlements of Kigali, Rwanda. International journal of environmental research and public health, 10(12), 6939-6954.

Rouse, J.D., 2015. Development of environmentally sustainable methods for treatment of domestic wastewater and handling of sewage sludge on Yap Island. Sustainability (Switzerland), 7(9), pp.12452–12464. Reardon, M., 2015. Better Together Holistic Urbanism.

Ugyen Dorji, Ugyen Tenzin, Pema Dorji, Nirenkumar Pathak, Mohammed A.H. Johir, Federico Volpin, Cheki Dorji, Carlos A.L. Chernicharo, Leonard Tijing, Hokyong Shon, Sherub Phuntsho (2021). Exploring shredded waste PET bottles as a biofilter media for improved on-site sanitation, Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Volume 148,2021,Pages 370-381 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.09.066.

Fryxell, G. E., and Lo, C. W. (2003). The influence of environmental knowledge and values on managerial behaviours on behalf of the environment: An empirical examination of managers in China. Journal of business ethics, 46(1), 45-69.

Afon, A. O (2011).Residential Differentials in Behavoiur and Environmental Hazards and Risks Perception in Ile-Ife Nigeria. In: A.O Afon and O.O Aina (eds): Issues in the Built Environment of Nigeria: 52-80.

Abu Bakar, A.H. and Cheen, K.S., (2013). A Framework for Assessing the Sustainable Urban Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioural Sciences, 85, pp.484–492. Available at: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1877042813025044.

Abubakar, I. R. (2018). Exploring the determinants of open defecation in Nigeria using demographic and health survey data. Science of the total environment, 637, 1455-1465.

Abraham, C., and Denford, S. (2020). Design, implementation, and evaluation of behavior change interventions: A ten-task guide. The handbook of behavior change, 269-84.

Abadi, B., Mahdavian, S., and Fattahi, F. (2021). The waste management of fruit and vegetable in wholesale markets: Intention and behavior analysis using path analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123802.

de Lauwere, C., Slegers, M., and Meeusen, M. (2022). The influence of behavioural factors and external conditions on Dutch farmers‘ decision making in the transition towards circular agriculture. Land Use Policy, 120, 106253.

Hophmayer, T. S. (2006). Wastewater Management strategy: Centralised V. Deventralised Technologies for Small Communities. Unviversity of Twente, Netherlands: Centre for Clean Technology and Environmental Policy.

Wapwera, S. D. (2018). Original Paper Non Implementation of the Greater Jos Urban Master Plan: Options and Strategies. Urban Studies and Public Administration, 1(2), 263-290.

Shan V., Singh S.K., Haritash A.K. (2020) Water Crisis in the Asian Countries: Status and Future Trends. In: Kumar M., Munoz-Arriola F., Furumai H., Chaminda T. (eds) Resilience, Response, and Risk in Water Systems. Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4668-6_10

Izueke Edwin Madu .C. and Eme Okechukwu Innocent (2013). Urban Planning Problems in Nigeria: A Case of Onitsha Metopolis of Anambra State. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics, And Management Studies Vol.1, NO.12, 2013. DOI: 10.12816/0003828

Joy U. Ogbazi (2013). Alternative planning approaches and the sustainable citiesprogramme in Nigeria. Habitat International 40 (2013) 109-118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2013.03.001

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40

Downloads

Published

2026-03-23

How to Cite

Abdul-Azeez, M. B., Akinbami, B. S., & Isola-Muyideen, O. L. (2026). CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVED ONSITE DOMESTIC WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA. International Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment, 4(1), 327-346. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19183219

Similar Articles

1-10 of 21

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)